The trail excursion

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Today we will talk about the excursion runway in aviation or more commonly known as "runway exit" of the planes. Alan Tangcawan/AFP's photo.

Safety will always be a priority for the airline industry, but in this sense, Despite the great efforts by all the actors to avoid accidents or incidents, These events are not unrelated to the thousands of daily operations that take place around the world..

Thus, there is no shortage of news where we see a plane that left the runway, either taking off or landing. This technical aviation event is known as a runway excursion.. What is it about? Why does it happen? This and many other concerns I tell you in this special delivery.

runway excursion in aviation

First thing's first, Let's review the official definition of OACI – International Civil Aviation Organization about this event:

• A detour or run off the runway surface.
• An incident involving only a single aircraft, where he makes an inappropriate exit from the track.

further, the FAA says the following:

These surface events occur while an aircraft is taking off or landing and involve many factors ranging from unstable approaches to runway condition..

This is how we can determine that a runway excursion is the event where an aircraft suffers an abnormal deviation from its route ending up outside the limits of the runway or even, Taxiway. In this sense, it is important to indicate that depending on the severity of the event, this can also be considered an accident.

Why take an excursion?

• An aircraft fails to take off or aborts takeoff before reaching the end of the designated runway.
• A landing aircraft may not stop before reaching the end of the designated runway..
• An aircraft taking off, aborts takeoff or lands and overshoots designated runway side.

Causes of a takeoff excursion

There are endless possibilities that these events can generate., where they stand out:

• Aircraft not configured correctly (trim,flaps)
• Wrong takeoff parameters such as speed, power, takeoff weight.
• Do not use the entire length of the track.
• Take off from unauthorized area such as a taxiway.

Causes of a landing excursion

• Aircraft not configured correctly (trim,flaps)
• Speeding due to track conditions.
• limited visibility. electric storms, conditions (IMC), wind, wind shear, wind gusts and icing conditions.
• Contaminated or wet runway.
• Tailwind.
• top of wheel past the area determined to do so.

The human factor

A very important point about runway excursions comes from the human factor and errors that are generated in the operation by pilots O air traffic control.

For instance, the flight crew does not execute a missed approach or go-around after the approach requirements are not met with speed deviations, vertical u horizontal.

Equally, On the controllers' side, it can be determined that there is a mistake in the instructions or failure to deliver complete or updated information on the runway conditions to the flight crew..

Impact of runway excursion

These events have several consequences when they are generated.:

• loss of life
• Property damage
• Airport or runway closed
• flight diversion
• Deteriorated image of the airline and even the airport.
• Lost revenue for aeronautical players.

What the industry is doing to reduce these events

Being that the 97% of accidents on the track were caused by excursions and that 30 excursions per year are by commercial aircraft, the industry continues to work to reduce these incidents to avoid material damage and possible human losses.

Prevention strategies cover five areas: flight operation, air traffic management, airport operators, manufacturers of aircraft and regulators.

Minimize risk with dedicated training for these events, Standard Operating Procedures, information and technology seek to reduce the rate of generation of excursions by unifying standards to reduce human error or lack of real or updated information in the cockpit.

Although we have reviewed several issues regarding a complicated situation for aviation safety and that represents a risk, This topic is complex and much more extensive than what we have dealt with in this installment., where we wanted to give a first context, Therefore, future installments will be sought to further deepen these technical issues..

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